Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Example Essay Example

Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Example Paper Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Introduction Anthropological research data has shown the violence is an inherent conduct among the primate species (Walker, 2001). In society, criminal violence is a common occurrence and legislators have suggested that the behavior of criminals be analyzed in order to identify any psychological patterns that are consistent among these particular types of individuals. In the past few decades, neurobiologists have proposed that an individual’s condition, which encompasses empathy, morality and free will, is holistically influenced by the frequency of stimulation and assembly of the neurons of an individual. Such notion is contradictory to the concept of Cartesian dualism, which states that the brain and the mind are two independent entities that coordinate with each other. To date, the accumulation of research reports from the field of neuroscience is gradually affecting the concepts and effectivity of the justice system because of the shifting in the concept of human behavior and response to different stimuli. Neuroscience has influenced our current understanding of the multiple factors that govern violent behavior among criminals. Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Body Paragraphs The 19th century classic report of Phineas Gage regarding the anti-social behavior that emerged after massive damage of the prefrontal cortex of his brain from a railroad accident is now considered as the birth of the field of forensic neurology (Harlow, 1848). Today, computerized imaging of his fractured skull has shown that the autonomic and social nerve systems are the specific damages that were affected, thus resulting in a totally different individual. Such observation, together with research results gathered from war veterans, has led to the conclusion that violent criminal behavior is caused by injuries to the frontal lobe of the brain. It has then been proposed that injury to the prefrontal cortex of the brain causes a condition that has been coined as acquired sociopathy or pseudopsychopath (Blair and Cipolotti, 2000). It is interesting to know that there is an 11% reduction in the size of the grey matter of the prefrontal cortex among patients diagnosed with anti-social per sonality disorder (APD) (Raine et al. , 2000). A related observation has also been observed between intelligence and alterations in the grey matter of the prefrontal cortex. The temporal lobe of the brain has also been determined to influence an individual’s emotional response and aggression, wherein lesions in the amygdale of the temporal lobe result in an individual’s failure to recognize fear and sadness among the faces of other people (van Elst et al. , 2001). The connection between the decreased expression of the monoamine oxidase A enzyme and reactive violence has already been established (Caspi et al. , 2002). Monoamine oxidase A is responsible for the catabolism of monoamines such as serotonin (5-HT). The working hypothesis currently accepted is that the prefrontal-amygdala connection is altered, resulting in a dysfunctional aggressive and violent behavior, resulting in criminality in particular individuals. In a recent study conducted by Young et al. (2007), t he association between an individual’s opinion and his corresponding actions was proven using neurobiological support that an area of the brain was responsible for such behavior. This particular area of the brain, the right temporoparietal junction (RTPJ) was observed to play a major role in an individual’s beliefs and further classifies these notions as either negative or neutral. The negative beliefs that are generated in this section of the brain thus triggers whether an individual would want to cause harm in another individual. This revolutionary concept of acknowledgment of belief is the first form of neurobiological data that describes the connection between the brain and moral judgment. Four states of mind were described to be influenced by the activation of the RTPJ, of which 3 states were harmful and 1 was neutral in outcome. The 3 harmful states of mind included intentional injury, attempted mischief and unintentional damage. In addition, the report described that an increase in the stimulation of the RTPJ generally resulted in an individual either attempting or purposely causing harm to another individual. Such stimulation of that particular of the brain is thus responsible in an individual’s judgment of morality and behavior in society. The recent report of Young et al. (2007) has motivated scientists to develop a microchip to may be surgically introduced into the brain of an individual in order to regulate the response of the RTPJ and ultimately prevent an individual from committing harmful acts. The plan of requiring the surgical insertion of this microchip into the brains of criminals and using the presence of this microchip as main basis for release or parole of a convicted criminal is unethical because this can be perceived as a form of eugenics. This field of genetics involves the active selection of individuals with appropriate features that are deemed worthy of being included in society. For several decades, there have been several attempts in selecting which individuals will be allowed to survive around the world. The principle of eugenics is mainly based on picking specific physical and anatomical features that are classified as good or bad and those individuals with poor or bad features are treated with biomedical tools in order to change their features. An extreme form of eugenics is the mass destruction of certain populations in society by another group of individuals, as was evident in Hitler’s eradication of the Jews. An advocate of the biological connection of criminality would employ the concept of eugenics in screening individuals that show a potential to show criminal and anti-social behavior. To make things more complex, the features that were described to be triggered in the brain, such as the RTPJ, may also be used as criteria in admission to schools and workhouses. An extreme reaction would even result in construction of facilities that would enclose candidates or suspects fo r criminal behavior. A biological discrimination would thus be observed and this unfair basis of screening individuals would create more chaos in society. Eugenics may also be translated as a screening tool in picking which criminals will be kept in prison and which individuals will be freed and this action will be mainly based on the biological features of whether the criminal may be rehabilitated or transformed into a normal non-aggressive person. The so-called degenerate individuals would be kept off the streets in order to prevent interaction with non-degenerate individuals, as well as to prevent future crimes in the community. In addition, society would be introduced to the option of strictly selecting partners for marriage because they will be taught to pick partners that show obvious physical differences from the consensus physical features of criminals. It is thus inappropriate and unethical to require criminals to have the microchip surgically inserted into their brain unle ss the criminal himself volunteers for this procedure. Should the criminal be given the choice, the surgical insertion of the microchip may be possible, yet the ultimate role of microchip usage in the determination of freedom of a human being is still questionable. The criminal may opt for the microchip because he knows that he will be released soon after the procedure is completed. However, knowing that all biological species evolve through time, another section of the brain may develop capabilities in triggering criminal behavior and after several decades or centuries this problem of criminality will still be around because a new region of the brain is not stimulated to cause criminal behavior among individuals. More importantly, there are also research reports that contradict the microchip concept, wherein the RTPJ is not the sole brain regions that controls the mind (Mitchell, 2008). This contradictory report thus suggests that there more research and investigations should be pe rformed in order to better understand the connection between the brain and the theory of mind and moral judgment. References Blair RJ and Cipolotti L (2000): Impaired social response reversal. A case of ‘acquired sociopathy’. Brain 123:1122–1141. Caspi A, McClay J, Moffi tt TE, Mill J and Martin J (2002): Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science 297:851–854. Harlow J (1848): Passage of an iron bar through the head. Boston Med Surg J 13:389–393. Mitchell JP (2008): Activity in right temporo-parietal junction is not selective for theory-of-mind. Cereb Cortex 18:262-271 Raine A, Lencz T, Bihrle S, LaCasse L and Colletti P (2000) Reduced prefrontal gray matter volume and reduced autonomic activity in antisocial personality disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:119–127. van Elst LT, Trimble MR, Ebert D, van Elst LT (2001) Dual brain pathology in patients with affective aggressive episodes. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58:1187â⠂¬â€œ1188. Walker PL (2001): A bioarchaeological perspective on the history of violence. Annu Rev Anthropol 30: 573–596. Young L, Cushman F, Hauser M and Saxe R (2007): The neural basis of the interaction between theory of mind and moral judgment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104(20):8 We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Advancement And Predatory Criminals Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Nursing Home Essay Essay Example

Nursing Home Essay Essay Example Nursing Home Essay Essay Nursing Home Essay Essay Performance Appraisal According to Bernardin and Wiatrowski (2013), a performance appraisal is a regular and systematic process that assesses the productivity or the performance of an employee. The assessment bases on the productivity of an individual about certain objectives or pre-established criteria. Other aspects of an employee such as the behavior of the individual as well as the potentiality of future development, strength and weaknesses are also considered while conducting a performance appraisal. The paper will involve a detail explanation a performance evaluation carried out in Hebrew Home nursing home located in Greater Washington in MD. The article also describes a meeting with a nurse in an attempt of examining the organizational goals, vision, and mission. Nursing homes mission statements Assessment The mission of the nursing home is to provide quality care that always respects the Jewish values especially those that are in high need since we welcome all the members of the entire community. The vision of the nursing home is to provide quality care to the community in respect to their religious values. The goal of the nursing home has been that of being the best non-profit organization that offer the best nursing care. About the organizational goal the nursing home conducts a performance appraisal that helps in aligning the employees of the organization with the mission, vision as well as the goals. The Process The process of evaluation is involved the establishment the standards of performance which are being the best non-profit organization providing the best nursing care to the community. The employees were asked to note on the rules of the organization where each was required to work hard in an attempt of meeting at least three homesteads in a day. After a period of six months, the management accessed the actual performance of the employees by counting the number of homes visited. The management then compared the actual performance of the employees with the set standards. There was a situation of underperformance as on average more than 50% of the employees met two homesteads on a daily basis. The results passed to the employees where each was required to work harder to achieve the organizational goal. The management offered to train all the workers to be in a position to manage time efficiently as well as offer quality services (Bernardin and Wiatrowski, 2013). Nursing Home Planning The meeting with the nurse of the nursing home aimed at exploring the plans the organization has on meeting their goals. The nurse explained that the group is planning to offer training to all its employees especially on matters related to time management and provision of quality services. During the process of performance appraisal, the management noted that in the quest to offer quality services the employees used to spend a lot of time with the only patients. There was thus a need for training to the employees in an attempt of meeting the organizational goals. Conclusions A performance appraisal helps managers of an organization to access the performance of the employees as well as assess whether the firm is operating in line with its mission. The aim of the Hebrew Home is to provide a quality nursing home to the community as well as maintain their religious values. The performance appraisal demanded the managers offer training to the employees in an attempt of meeting its organizational goals. References Bernardin, H. J., Wiatrowski, M. (2013). Performance appraisal. Psychology and Policing, 257.

Discover the Mysterious Shakespeare Lost Years

Discover the Mysterious Shakespeare Lost Years What are the Shakespeare lost years? Well, scholars have managed to piece together Shakespeare’s biography from the scant documentary evidence that has survived from Shakespeare’s time. Baptisms, marriages, and legal dealings provide concrete evidence about Shakespeare’s whereabouts- but there are two big gaps in the story which have become known as the Shakespeare lost years. The Lost Years The two periods of time that make up the Shakespeare lost years are: 1578–1582: We know little about Shakespeare’s life after he left grammar school and his marriage to Anne Hathaway in 1582.1585-1592: After the baptism of his children, Shakespeare again disappears from the history books for several years until he resurfaces in the early 1590s as a London-based playwright. It is this second â€Å"bout of absence† that intrigues historians the most because it is during this period that Shakespeare would have perfected his craft, established himself as a dramatist and gained experience of the theater. In truth, nobody actually knows what Shakespeare was doing between 1585 and 1592, but there are a number of popular theories and stories, as outlined below. Shakespeare the Poacher In 1616, a clergyman from Gloucester recounted a story in which the young Shakespeare was caught poaching near Stratford-upon-Avon on the land of Sir Thomas Lucy. Although there is no concrete evidence, it is suggested that Shakespeare fled to London to escape Lucy’s punishment. It is also suggested that Shakespeare later based Justice Shallow from The Merry Wives of Windsor on Lucy. Shakespeare the Pilgrim Evidence has recently been presented that Shakespeare may have made a pilgrimage to Rome as part of his Roman Catholic faith. There is certainly lots of evidence to suggest that Shakespeare was Catholic- which was a very dangerous religion to practice in Elizabethan England. A 16th-century guest book signed by pilgrims to Rome reveals three cryptic signatures thought to be Shakespeare’s. This has led some to believe Shakespeare spent his lost years in Italy- perhaps seeking refuge from England’s persecution of Catholics at the time. Indeed, it is true that 14 of Shakespeare’s plays have Italian settings. The parchment was signed by: â€Å"Gulielmus Clerkue Stratfordiensis† in 1589Believed to mean â€Å"William, clerk of Stratford†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Shfordus Cestriensis† in 1587Believed to mean â€Å"Shakespeare of Stratford in the diocese of Chester†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Arthurus Stratfordus Wigomniensis† in 1585Believed to mean: â€Å"(King) Arthurs compatriot from Stratford in the diocese of Worcester†

Is it still possible to embrace local identity in the face of Essay

Is it still possible to embrace local identity in the face of globalization - Essay Example Media and internet has brought the world to the corner of your drawing room. It has erased the boundaries of all countries in a wide sense of the term. Through the process of globalization, the world is becoming a global village, irrespective of physical borders and boundaries. There is nothing â€Å"local† rather everything is turning out to be as â€Å"glocal†. At the same time, this is also true to embrace certain qualities for very local. New technology and new concepts have brought revolution in terms of holding the term for future. Something unique from the past decade, which are about to extinct can be sustained with new equipment. Such heritages can be immortalized with the help of new technology and concepts. Some â€Å"glocal† effect can be there once they have the touch of new innovation. But there will be no effect in its local identity. In fact, localized version can get immortality through the hands of globalization. Let’s try to explore the possibilities of sustaining local identity in the face of globalization. Basics of Architecture Architecture-the art or may be called the science of designing physical constructions, may be buildings and other several structures. It is not just putting some bricks one upon other but the job of an architect incorporates rendering services from a very professional perspective in designing and constructing a building, or may be some extension of the construction that can be used for human occupancy purpose. An architect can describe or â€Å"read† any construction in the most methodical way. A study of architecture includes style, method of design and constructional details of a building or may be some other physical structures. Designing a building means everything from micro to macro level. This is both the process and designing plan incorporating all structural, technical, social and aesthetic considerations. In wider definition, it also gives creative level of manipulation a nd a brilliant coordination between light, shadow, material and technology. Any type of work of art is a piece of architecture. Even remaining extinct architectural constructions are one of the perfect sources to draw history. They exist with all nostalgia of past decades. Any piece of good architecture must continue with three basics, durability, utility and beauty. Cost effectiveness is another term mostly related in the theory of architecture in recent era. Any architectural design has some influence of political, social and religious conditions. The process of designing a construction then can be recognized as problem solving one (Ching, F., 2007). A simple study of ancient architectural constructions can show some specific examples of such influences in the construction. Even Egyptian architecture bears proved testimony of divine and supernatural influence. Many constructions show influence of political power in a very prominently. Emperor of different decade in various regions took initiative to build certain forms so that generations can remember their power. Almost all the famous architectural constructions on this planet have some such kind of nostalgia. Architecture is a fusion of beauty in terms of proportion and ornamentation. Definitely, it is a form of art but its root lies in the need and means of mankind. Through the passage of time, human need and desires have changing and accordingly, the form of architecture also changes. It falls under the tag

PDLD 380 Workplace Learning Paper Assignment 2 - 2000 words materials Essay

PDLD 380 Workplace Learning Paper Assignment 2 - 2000 words materials provided - Essay Example m my own perspectives as a Training Coordinator, comparing them with the workplace learning particularly described in the several readings prescribed for this assignment. Most of the workplace learning I will be describing will be a depiction of the new recruits learning experience although I have already emphasise that my work as a Training Coordinator does not preclude my learning and acquiring new skills as recruits’ input of the training process is an integral part of the four-week training. The workplace learning described in the readings of Jennifer Bowerman and Gordon Collins in The Coaching Network: A Program for Individual and Organizational Development, Daryl Dymock in Blind Date: A Case Study of Mentoring as Workplace Learning, and Merriam and Caffarella in Transformational Learning will be tackled one by one applying and comparing each one as they become relevant to the discussion of the actual workplace learning taking place at the Travelex Foreign Exchange traini ng room. In the last assignment, I gave brief descriptions of the physical and social environments of my job as well as enumerated the different aspects of my job as a Training Coordinator for Travelex Foreign Exchange. As therein stated my job consists of three functions: as inductor of new recruits into the company; as workplace trainer of these recruits to make them ready for their new jobs, and; as material and resources planner for the workplace training. The training of the new recruits itself takes place in a classroom-type of environment where there are tables and chairs for them to work and sit on and a white board in front of them during the duration of the four-week training until which they are deemed sufficiently prepared and oriented for their jobs. At the end of the four-week period, a new set of recruits stay on the sideline ready to be trained for the next four-weeks in the same induction, orientation and training processes. In addition, every training I conduct gives me an

American novel Essay Example for Free

American novel Essay Inspiration is something that some people have difficulty finding, whether to write the great American novel or simply to get out of bed in the morning. Creative inspiration is much more delicate a subject, as when one does not feel the desire to create, the product most often suffers greatly. However, for me, creative inspiration comes from almost everywhere I look, as long as I manage to see beauty before me, and luckily, the world is a beautiful place. Beauty is truly everywhere; it can be in a sunset, a work of art, or in a masterpiece of architecture. There is manmade beauty and natural beauty, and both have unique appeals that inspire to humans in many different ways, including creatively. Along with the millions of writers, painters, and poets that came before me, I find creative inspiration in noticing the beauty of things, no matter how common or rare. I can also find beauty amidst things that are ugly, if anything gaining an increased appreciation for the beautiful moments of peace and lightness. No matter how much I suffer or observe suffering, it is easy for me to remember that life is indeed beautiful, and this often inspires me to continue creating beauty of my own. Human physical beauty is also something that inspires me creatively. It is impossible to deny that certain men and women are not beautiful, for a perfect face and body attracts many people from all around; however like the old adage that beauty is in the eye of the beholder, everyone else may not universally agree upon the external and physical beauty of these people. Some people make think blonds are beautiful, while others prefer brunettes; some people may like blue eyes, while others only find brown beautiful. This shows the subjective nature of beauty, which begs the question as to whether this beauty is significant at all or merely a matter of taste. However, like the beauty of Helen of Troy, legendary and often referenced in all arts, beautiful people inspire me to create. But, while physical beauty can inspire me to create, it is most often the beauty I find within people and myself that most inspires me. I believe the greatest and most inspiration beauty in life comes from within; and this kind of beauty can be achieved by everyone without pills, painful operations, or costly beauty treatments. I have learned not to put too much stock in the media’s representation of beauty, because I feel it robs from the more significant beauty that can be achieved in society when people think of each other and treat each other with equal respect and consideration. I do my best to live by the golden rule, and find situations the most beautiful when others do the same. I feel that many of the popular conceptions of beauty are based on half-truths and blatant deceptions, encouraging people to hide their flaws rather than love themselves. For me, honesty is beautiful and inspirational, and I try always to be honest, and subsequently inspired. Life is beautiful enough without having to worry about perfecting physical attributes, and the truth is that aesthetic beauty is not nearly as lasting or inspirational as emotional, spiritual, and mental beauty. These are the kinds of beauty to which I aspire and have successfully managed to cultivate in my efforts to harness creative inspiration. While beauty may truly be in the eye of the beholder, I feel confident in my own beauty because I treat everything in life as it is: beautiful. From this view, it is easy for me to find creative inspiration in just about everything I see, hear, and feel. I find joy and inspiration in everything, and I try to make everyone share in the beauty that I possess and inspiration I find, hoping that they can also create his or her own. I try to be truthful in all regards, and try never to feel insecure that my beliefs in my own beauty are false. I refuse to adopt the media’s perception of beauty, and prefer to find my own conceptions in what I see is true beauty: generosity, compassion, and joy. All I have to do is sit back for a moment, reflect on the wonders of existence, and I will inevitably be convinced of the beauty of life, and subsequently inspired to create some of my own. For me, this is the truth, and like the words of John Keats, â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all/ Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know† (Keats, 1901). For me, beauty is truth, and truth is inspiring. REFERENCES Keats, J. (1901/1999). Ode to a Grecian Urn. The Oxford Book of English Verse. Ed. Quiller- Couch, Arthur Thomas, Sir. Bartleby. com. 31 Jul 2008. www. bartleby. com/ 101/625.

Alzheimers Disease Essay -- Alzheimers Disease Essays

Alzheimer’s Disease is an irreversible, genetically linked illness. This disease was chosen for the topic of this essay under the consideration that in many families the illness can be incredibly tragic, passing down for generations without mercy. It is not rare to encounter families in which each member is afflicted with a form, mild or severe, of Alzheimer’s. The disease is a progressive brain disease which comes in two separate types: Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease. These will be discussed in full later on in the paper. The symptoms of Alzheimer’s are extremely detrimental to the individual whom it affects, as the disease attacks the brain cells and their connections. As the illness progresses, many of the affected brain cells die. In the very beginning stages, many of the symptoms are mistakenly associated simply with the effects of ageing or stress. Issues such as attentiveness, abstract thinking, and mild memory loss which happens to be the most notable of these early symptoms, will all start to appear. As the disease progresses, patients will begin to have a difficulty with perception and execution of motions. Memory will begin to take a heavy toll on the patient at this point, becoming a prominent dilemma. Older memories or episodic memories (such as writing), do not take the brunt of these attacks, but rather newer memories are affected the most. Soon, issues with speech will begin to arise, as the patient’s vocabulary begins to become more and more limited and simplistic. Coordi nation and movement begin to become difficult task for the persons affected, but can ordinarily be accomplished at this point of the disease. In moderate cases, the deterioration of the mind will eventually ... ...much to prepare themselves for the onslaught that is Alzheimer’s Disease. Works Cited "Alzheimer's Association - Alzheimer's & Dementia Risk Factors." Alzheimer's Association. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Fact Sheet." National Institute on Aging. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers." National Institute on Aging. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Alzheimer's Topics." National Institute on Aging. Web. 04 May 2012. . "Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Research Foundation." Fisher Center Foundation. Web. 04 May 2012. .

Bronfenbrenner’s Analysis

This paper analyzes and evaluates how Bronfenbrenner’s levels influenced my decision to attend graduate school and how they may impact career goals within my area of specialization. Bronfenbrenner develops a multi-level hierarchy of influences from the closest and most personal to the most abstract and societal. The purpose of my paper is to discuss, analyze, and evaluate Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Theory in relation to human development In the early 1970s’ Urie Bronfenbrenner developed an ecological theory of human development. Bronfenbrenner’s book, â€Å"The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design† (Bronfenbrenner, 1997) discusses in depth the ecological systems levels as the micro-meso-exo-macro- and the fifth system, the chrono-system layer. Bronfenbrenner summarized his theory utilizing concentric spheres in where the child begins his or her development in the center of the spheres. Comparing each sphere â€Å"†¦as a set of nested structures, each inside the next, like a set of Russian dolls† (Bronfenbrenner,1979. p. 3). Researchers found that a key factor in parent’s effectiveness was engaging in the child’s activities and environment. Darling (2007), asserts that â€Å"parental monitoring† of their children’s activities decreased the levels of behavioral problems and lead to â€Å"higher levels of adult approved activities† (Darling, 2007). Therefore, competence among children will â€Å"†¦depend on the quality of their environment† (Bronfenbrenner, 1999). Children from negative, deprived, disorganized backgrounds display more frequent and severe dysfunctional behavior in order to gain parental attention. On the other hand, parents providing attentive, stable and positive environments provide gratifying and positive reinforcement in aid of the children’s growth. Bronfenbrenner, 1999). Bronfenbrenner posited that â€Å"†¦the greatest effect on positive outcomes in environments with the greatest resources and for an individual who had the greatest ability to take advantage of those resources† (Darling, 2007). Microsystem Bronfenbrenner described his models as the m icro-system layer originating in the center of the sphere, involving the child’s interactions and activities within the context of family, school, daycare, and school, peer groups and how these interactions shape his or her development in a particular setting. A setting is where the child engages in â€Å"†¦particular activities in particular roles for particular times† (Bronfenbrenner,1979). For example, Bronfenbrenner observed parents emphasizing the importance of socially acceptable behaviors, exposed their child to positive activities, became involved in their child’s school, friends, thus producing children that were secure in new learning experiences. Mesosystem The mesosystem layer relates to the people in a child’s microsystem. It consists of the interactions between two or more settings which involve the developing child. For example, child’s parents and teachers may be interacting in discussions about the child’s progress. Bronfenbrenner found when parents take an active interest in the child’s early academic progress, that child has a greater chance of success upon entering high school (Oswalt, 2008). Exosystem The exosystem is comprised of the involvement and progression that takes place between the dyad setting, but it â€Å"†¦does not contain the developing child† (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). They are occurrences â€Å"that indirectly influence processes within the immediate setting in which the developing child lives† (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). For example, the child’s parents’ moving to a different state will directly affect the child’s interconnections with neighborhood friends and teachers. As an example, the child ‘knows’ he has lost his best friend, and may never find another. Thus, the child may meet this change with fear or dissatisfaction (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). The exosystem level includes the positive and negative structures found in the national government, cultural values, the economy, other macro influences. For example, Anglo-Saxon societies stress individual accomplishments, whereas Asian societies stress consensus and conformity. Cronosystem The chronosystem is the outermost shell that Bronfenbrenner displays. This is a temporal continuum that encompasses a person’s life experiences throughout their lives. A major example of the operation of this continuum is the impact of a parental death and the resulting behavioral change in the developing individual. The micro, meso, exo, and macro levels all impacted my individual development and career goals in obtaining a master’s degree in Human Services with a specialization in Social and Community Services. In the micro level, my earliest experiences were affected by the negative parental influences. As a child, I can remember my brothers and I were mainly spoken to when we did something wrong. In turn, these negative experiences affected my academic performance in school as well as my behavior. In the mesosystem, the only times my parents became involved in school were when they were called by the school principal to discuss my inappropriate behavior and my inattentiveness in learning. In the first grade, I was held back from entering the second grade because I could not speak English well or even Spanish. Again, this was a result of not having positive learning experience during childhood. It was not until the sixth grade that my principal decided I might succeed if I skipped the seventh grade to the eighth grade. That’s when my negative experiences turn to be positive and enlightening. I flourished that year and received a small scholarship to attend a school for girls. There I also flourished and began to have teachers and friends that were positive role-models. An example in the exosystem, I had a young brother with Down’s syndrome who at the age of 3 left our home to live in a state mental hospital. I was 13 years when my mother received a phone call from the hospital stating my brother had died from choking on some food. From that day on, my mother became distant and suffered from alcoholism. This experience saddened me greatly, but I was fortunate to have the support of my older sister, and wonderful teachers and friends that kept me succeeding in school. This success continued through college. However, when I was 16 years old, my mother was diagnosed with depression. Though I appeared happy with my school experience on the outside, inside, I felt depressed and longed for my mother’s love. All during this time, my father was physically present, but emotional absent due to the traumatic experiences at home. In the macro system, I grew up in a Hispanic culture, though my parents emigrated from Mexico to the US, my mother’s alien status became problematic as she could not speak English and inevitably could not take the test to become an American citizen. As a result, my mother felt she was a failure to herself and to my father who became a citizen at age 18. At the age of 47 years, I was able to complete my education at a women’s college. It was finally there I was fortunate to pursue my love of art. Upon graduation, I also found a new love of being of service to other’s less fortunate. I found that I obtained jobs not completely fulfilling, and when thinking upon this, I realized I could improve the possibility of reaching that fulfillment through graduate school to obtain an advanced degree in order to better serve the people I will work with. In conclusion, I don’t regret my experiences during my childhood. I learned a great deal about how one can attribute their success to resiliency. No matter how dismal matters were, there was always someone or something over the rainbow. I had a wonderful caring and nurturing older sister who loved me unconditionally. I had teachers who believed I was a worthwhile, intelligent and loving human being. With this nurturing, I was finally able to climb over the wall; only to look back at my stumbling blocks as experiences one takes to traverse their journey.

Extracurricular activity Essay

You may not know a lot of people when you start high school. Maybe your friends from middle school are going to a different high school. Even if you know other freshmen, you might feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces? Most high schools hold a freshman orientation before school actually starts. These are helpful not only because you learn your way around the building and get to meet some of your teachers, but you also get to meet fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces. When you talk to people at orientation, you’ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can spark new friendships. Learning Inside the Classroom How about the workload in high school — is it a lot harder? Again, this is something your classmates are probably worried about, too. The work in high school builds on what you learned in middle school, giving you a more advanced knowledge of many academic subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging. But these challenges can make you feel less bored with the usual routine — it feels great when you’ve mastered something really tough. Maybe you’ll find a new appreciation for biology or discover a passion for literature. If you ever find your work too overwhelming, teachers and tutors are available for extra help. While you have more independence as a high school student than you might have had in middle school, there are still many resources to fall back on if you feel the work is too much. Extracurricular Activities High school also has more extracurriculars than middle school did, such as clubs, music and theater groups, student government, and sports teams. This is a fantastic time to explore your interests and try new things. Who said school has to be all work and no play? These activities may take place before or after school, or during free periods or study halls. Because of this, it helps to sharpen your time management skills in your first year. Extracurricular activities are great, but remember to leave free time for yourself. Everybody needs some downtime.

Diamond Trading Company Essay Example

Diamond Trading Company Essay Example Diamond Trading Company Essay Diamond Trading Company Essay The biggest slice of the cake A giants first steps Founded in 1888 in South Africa by Cecil Rhodes, De Beers quickly obtained a dominant position in the world diamond market. L In just a few years, Dabbers became the leading many of an international cartel, mostly thanks to Ernest Oppenheim and its heirs. Common sense tells us that the only way to increase the value of diamonds is to make them scarce, that is to reduce production E. Oppenheim The Diamond Trilogy for success There are 3 main pillars for the maintenance of Deeper dominant position over time: Control of supply through diamond stockpiles Dabbers sales and distribution arm: CSS/ETC L] Marketing and advertisement The Lion and the Gazelle C] In the ass Zaire (DROP) counted for 3% of oral production of industrial diamonds and was member of the De Beers cartel C] The country asked for a lower a handling fee, requests were refused and in 1981 Zaire left the CSS C] Two months later the market was flooded by diamonds and the price fell dramatically. C] Hit by the shortage of foreign currency Zaire asked to be admitted again in the cartel. C] Of course De Beers imposed worse conditions C] There is no formal proof that it was De Beers, but only De Beers had the power to act in this Way. Financial Hurricane from Israel Alan asses, Hyperinflation in Israel and Merchants wanted to hoard up diamonds for selling them later. Vivid < PDViD C]To stop dealers from breaking away from its cartel, DeBeers: - Created temporary surcharge. - Cut Israeli dealers' quota by 20%. - Dismissed them from the CSO CIAs a result, Israeli dealers again conceded to DeBeers contract and paid a defection fine. C]Thus the DeBeers cartel was strengthened. From Russia with love (... and return) Why is Russia so important? Large quantities of diamonds discovered in Russia in 1957: it became the most powerful single producer utside the cartel (20-30% of world's production) Therefore DeBeers was seriously under threat L] Quickly negotiated an agreement (Mirny Diamond Mine, discovered in the late 50s) Act l: The Secret Agreement The estimated terms of the contract were: Cl DeBeers committed to purchase 95% of Russian output and trade it with CSO C] Soviet Diamond Industry was allowed to cut, polish and sell the remaining 5% autonomously. C] Russian diamonds were paid a price 10% higher than general cartel price.

What to Do When Asked to Give Away Your Work

What to Do When Asked to Give Away Your Work Received a little bit of feedback from last weeks post on the flip side of free, but not as much as I wouldve thought. Which tells me something . . . more people are giving it away than I thought. Twice this past weekend, I heard authors rant about how little they were making, and how their incomes had plummeted in the last few years. They were red-hot about their publishers being the culprits. While many publishers are known for inserting questionable, strangling, taking-advantage clauses in a contract, I do not hold them totally to blame. Thats too easy, and its not completely true. It is true that publishers will take advantage. Their job is to make money publishing, not be friends with authors. I dont care how much you might love your publisher, sooner or later, youll feel slighted. And theyll just keep on keeping on, not ruffled in the least. While its nice to have a great working relationship, dont make the mistake of seeing it as anything but that. The problem is that writers are accepting less and less for their work. So publishers and editors become more than happy to pay less. They lower the rates, and authors kneel and accept without negotiation. And new writers are coming in thinking thats the norm. Can you see the shifting paradigm? That goes for ebook sales, literary journals, writing for magazines, and royalties. Anyone who has started trying to publish in the last three years thinks today is the norm. And because they make nickels and dimes from sales, they treat it like the income it provides: a hob I want to go back to what FFW stands for: writers making money not writers accepting what they can get. Come on, people. Ask for more. These days you can indie publish, for goodness sake, if they dont pay you what you deserve. Readers do not understand any of this and dont care. They dont have to care, and they dont have to understand. I dont care about how much a worker makes who builds my car or stocks my grocery store. But still, readers think writers who publish are making gobs of money. We are not going to change that thought, so dont try. Our payment issue  is an internal issue, not the reading publics. I spoke to one author whose husband is a musician, where its as bad as or worse than writing. She suggests declining the offers to give away work. When someone asks for free books from you, thinking you get tons of them for free, decline and suggest a library or a bookstore that offers a loyalty discount. When an editor of a publication asks for your work for free or an embarrassing figure like 1/2 cents per word, remind them you must be compensated for your work because you practice a profession, not a hob Now . . . to the hob Writing for a hob I use this additional example when I speak to writers about earning a living: Ill be a whore to whoever will pay me for my work. I will not give it away for free. However, Id rather be a call girl than a street walker, and get paid more of what Im worth.

HIV Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

HIV - Essay Example HIV/AIDS has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic or deadly disease throughout the world. Some countries has implemented strict compliance to their basic health policies and even directed medical officers to prepare a strategic plan to combat the spread of such disease. Remarkable deaths have been recorded upon the immergence of this contagious and international illness. This is said to be transmitted by engaging into unprotected sex, sharing of needles and by vertical transmission (Cichocki). The lentivirus named as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the root cause of this malady. The usual symptoms of AIDS are rapid weight loss, weak mental and emotional state, breathing trouble and skin rashes (Cichocki). Globally, almost fifty million people are living with HIV/AIDS and majority of those infected are located in Sub-Saharan Africa (Czuchna and Lang G57). The lack of proper hygiene and effective prevention by the government are cited as the main reasons for the widespread of this virus in the said region. Accordingly, the poor economic state of the country is seen to worsen this problem as well as the unavailability of treatment centers and hospitals. Unluckily, despite the initiative of the World Health Organization for an immediate aid, the country is still in great peril. This is because the help extended is not objectively made for a long term effect but only for prevention purpose. Furthermore, the African culture is also observed as a contributory factor of the continuous increase of HIV/AIDS victim annually. Africans tend to value the importance of sharing something to others especially with their family members. This is because of their limited recourses and lack of formal liv elihood and education. As a consequence, more and more African members are inclined to be immersed with the sick